HttpClient TX - Spring Boot 168 EP 22-7

建立第三方 API 的 Service 後，將把交易從 Service 抽離，獨立為單一類別，因內部調用 @Transactional 將不會有作用，加上交易隱含著鎖的概念，前置檢查、資料庫查詢等，將不寫在交易裡面， EP 22-7 使用 JPA 增加範例，並透過 JUnit 5 來驗證產出結果。

Table of Contents

前言

Spring Data JPA 是基於 Hibernate 開發的 JPA 框架，簡化了 JPA 的寫法，可以在幾乎不用寫實作程式碼的情況下，實現對資料庫的存取操作，也能設定多個資料庫來源，使用多個資料表查詢，採用原生 SQL 自訂查詢等功能。

Java HttpClient TX

檔案目錄

./
   +- build.gradle
       +- src
           +- main
               +- java
                   +- org
                       +- ruoxue
                           +- spring_boot_168
                               +- game
                               |   +- ggg
                               |       +- ex
                               |       |   +- UserException.java 
                               |       +- service
                               |       |   +- UserServiceImpl.java 
                               |       |   +- UserTX.java

設定

UserService.java

Service 如何建立，參考此篇：

實作

UserTX.java

實作 TX ，注入 UserRepository ，加上 @Transactional 實現交易機制。

package org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.service;

import org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.model.User;
import org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;


/**
 * 使用者 TX
 */
@Component
public class UserTX {

	/**
	 * 使用者儲存庫
	 */
	@Autowired
	private UserRepository userRepository;

	public UserTX() {

	}

	/**
	 * TX
	 * 
	 * 新增使用者
	 * 
	 * @param user
	 * @return
	 */
	@Transactional
	public User insert(User user) {
		User result = userRepository.save(user);
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * TX
	 * 
	 * 更新使用者
	 * 
	 * @param user
	 * @return
	 */
	@Transactional
	public User update(User user) {
		User result = userRepository.save(user);
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * TX
	 * 
	 * 刪除使用者
	 * 
	 * @param user
	 */
	@Transactional
	public void delete(User user) {
		userRepository.delete(user);
	}
}

UserException.java

新增檔案，自定義例外，當發生錯誤時，拋出此例外，讓外層調用的服務，處理例外，如：記錄 Log。

package org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.ex;

public class UserException extends RuntimeException {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 257390917818772971L;

	public UserException() {
		super();
	}

	public UserException(String message) {
		super(message);
	}

	public UserException(Throwable cause) {
		super(cause);
	}

	public UserException(String message, Throwable cause) {
		super(message, cause);
	}
}

UserServiceImpl.java

重構 Service ，交易改為調用外部類別，移除 @Transactional 註解，當錯誤發生時，拋出自定義例外。

package org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.service;

import org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.ex.UserException;
import org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.model.User;
import org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * 使用者服務實作
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

	/**
	 * 使用者儲存庫
	 */
	@Autowired
	private UserRepository userRepository;

	/**
	 * 使用者 TX
	 */
	@Autowired
	private UserTX tx;

	public UserServiceImpl() {
	}

	/**
	 * 新增使用者
	 * 
	 * @param user
	 * @return
	 */
	@Override
	public User insert(User user) {
		User result = null;
		try {
			result = tx.insert(user);
		} catch (UserException ex) {
			throw ex;
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new UserException(ex);
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 依帳號取得使用者
	 * 
	 * @param cid
	 * @return
	 */
	@Override
	public User findByCid(String cid) {
		User result = null;
		try {
			result = userRepository.findByCid(cid);
		} catch (UserException ex) {
			throw ex;
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new UserException(ex);
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 更新使用者
	 * 
	 * @param user
	 * @return
	 */
	@Override
	public User update(User user) {
		User result = null;
		try {
			result = tx.update(user);
		} catch (UserException ex) {
			throw ex;
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new UserException(ex);
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 刪除使用者
	 * 
	 * @param user
	 */
	@Override
	public void delete(User user) {
		try {
			tx.delete(user);
		} catch (UserException ex) {
			throw ex;
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new UserException(ex);
		}
	}
}

測試 JUnit 5

UserTXTest.java

新增單元測試，驗證是否符合預期。

package org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.service;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.Application;
import org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.model.User;
import org.ruoxue.spring_boot_168.game.ggg.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
public class UserTXTest {

	@Autowired
	private UserRepository repository;

	@Autowired
	private UserTX tx;

	@Test
	public void service() {
		System.out.println(tx);
		assertNotNull(tx);
	}

	@Test
	public void insert() {
		String value = "ruoxue";
		User found = repository.findByCid(value);
		if (found != null) {
			return;
		}

		User user = new User();
		user.setCid(value);
		user.setName("player");
		user.setPassword("");
		user.setSalt("");
		User result = tx.insert(user);
		System.out.println(result);
		assertNotNull(result);
		assertEquals(value, result.getCid());
	}

	@Test
	public void update() {
		String value = "ruoxue";
		String name = "test_player";
		User user = repository.findByCid(value);
		if (user != null) {
			user.setName(name);
			User updated = tx.update(user);
			System.out.println(user);
			assertEquals(name, updated.getName());
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void delete() {
		String value = "ruoxue";
		User user = repository.findByCid(value);
		if (user != null) {
			tx.delete(user);
			System.out.println(user);
		}
	}
}

insert

測試方法上點右鍵執行 Run As -> JUnit Test ，查看 console。

Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_, user0_.cid as cid2_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_, user0_.password as password4_0_, user0_.salt as salt5_0_ from game_ggg_user user0_ where user0_.cid=?
Hibernate: insert into game_ggg_user (cid, name, password, salt, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
{"cid":"ruoxue","name":"player"}

update

測試方法上點右鍵執行 Run As -> JUnit Test ，查看 console。

Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_, user0_.cid as cid2_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_, user0_.password as password4_0_, user0_.salt as salt5_0_ from game_ggg_user user0_ where user0_.cid=?
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.cid as cid2_0_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_0_, user0_.password as password4_0_0_, user0_.salt as salt5_0_0_ from game_ggg_user user0_ where user0_.id=?
Hibernate: update game_ggg_user set cid=?, name=?, password=?, salt=? where id=?
{"cid":"ruoxue","name":"test_player"}

delete

測試方法上點右鍵執行 Run As -> JUnit Test ，查看 console。

Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_, user0_.cid as cid2_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_, user0_.password as password4_0_, user0_.salt as salt5_0_ from game_ggg_user user0_ where user0_.cid=?
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.cid as cid2_0_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_0_, user0_.password as password4_0_0_, user0_.salt as salt5_0_0_ from game_ggg_user user0_ where user0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from game_ggg_user where id=?
{"cid":"ruoxue","name":"test_player"}