Java Convert List to Map - Java 147

Java Convert List to Map – Java 147

Java Convert List to Map

將 List 轉換成 Map , List 是屬於 Java Collections 框架的接口,物件的形式有序存儲元素,並保留插入順序,允許存儲重複值, Map 將資料存儲在鍵、值對中,可以通過另一種類型的索引訪問,插入重複鍵,會替換相應鍵的元素, Java List Map 任務是將該 List 轉換為 Map ,本篇增加了範例,並透過單元測試來驗證產出結果。

檔案目錄

./
   +- src
       +- test
       |   +- org
       |       +- ruoxue
       |           +- java_147
       |               +- conversion
       |                   +- list
       |                       +- ListToMapTest.java   

單元測試

Java List to Map 提供 List 轉換成 Map 等操作。

Fruit

建立 Fruit 物件,覆寫 equals 、 hashCode ,定義屬性和方法,用來建立一個物件。

	@NoArgsConstructor
	@Getter
	@Setter
	@Builder
	public static class Fruit {
		private String name;
		private double quantity;
		private int type;

		public Fruit(String name, double quantity, int type) {
			this.name = name;
			this.quantity = quantity;
			this.type = type;
		}

		public String toString() {
			ToStringBuilder builder = new ToStringBuilder(this, ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE);
			builder.appendSuper(super.toString());
			builder.append("name", name);
			builder.append("quantity", quantity);
			builder.append("type", type);
			return builder.toString();
		}

		public boolean equals(Object object) {
			if (!(object instanceof Fruit)) {
				return false;
			}
			if (this == object) {
				return true;
			}
			Fruit other = (Fruit) object;
			return new EqualsBuilder().append(getName(), other.getName()).isEquals();
		}

		public int hashCode() {
			return new HashCodeBuilder().append(getName()).toHashCode();
		}
	}

traditional

Java List to Map 使用傳統方式轉換成 Map 。

	@Test
	public void traditional() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = new HashMap<>();
		for (Fruit e : list) {
			result.put(e.getName(), e);
		}
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}
{Apple={"name":"Apple","quantity":1.0,"type":1}, Cherry={"name":"Cherry","quantity":3.0,"type":1}, Banana={"name":"Banana","quantity":2.0,"type":1}}

toMap

Java List to Map 使用 toMap 轉換成 Map 。

	@Test
	public void toMap() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Fruit::getName, Function.identity()));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}
{Apple={"name":"Apple","quantity":1.0,"type":1}, Cherry={"name":"Cherry","quantity":3.0,"type":1}, Banana={"name":"Banana","quantity":2.0,"type":1}}

toMapThrowException

Java List to Map 使用 toMap 轉換成 Map ,當 List 有重複元素,會拋出例外。

	@Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
	public void toMapThrowException() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Fruit::getName, Function.identity()));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Duplicate key {"name":"Banana","quantity":2.0,"type":1}
	at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$throwingMerger$0(Collectors.java:133)
	at java.util.HashMap.merge(HashMap.java:1255)
	at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$toMap$58(Collectors.java:1320)
	at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$3ReducingSink.accept(ReduceOps.java:169)
	at java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:948)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:482)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:472)
	at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
	at org.ruoxue.java_147.conversion.ListToMapTest.toMapThrowException(ListToMapTest.java:93)

toMapWithDuplicateKey

Java List to Map 使用 toMap 轉換成 Map ,當 List 有重複元素,實作 mergeFunction ,合併鍵值。

	@Test
	public void toMapWithDuplicateKey() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = list.stream()
				.collect(Collectors.toMap(Fruit::getName, Function.identity(), (oldValue, newValue) -> oldValue));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}
{Apple={"name":"Apple","quantity":1.0,"type":1}, Cherry={"name":"Cherry","quantity":3.0,"type":1}, Banana={"name":"Banana","quantity":2.0,"type":1}}

MapUtils_populateMap

Convert List to Map in Java 使用 MapUtils.populateMap 轉換成 Map 。

	@Test
	public void MapUtils_populateMap() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = new HashMap<>();
		MapUtils.populateMap(result, list, Fruit::getName);
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}
{Apple={"name":"Apple","quantity":1.0,"type":1}, Cherry={"name":"Cherry","quantity":3.0,"type":1}, Banana={"name":"Banana","quantity":2.0,"type":1}}

Maps_uniqueIndex

Convert List to Map in Java 使用 Maps.uniqueIndex 轉換成 Map 。

	@Test
	public void Maps_uniqueIndex() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = Maps.uniqueIndex(list, Fruit::getName);
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}
{Apple={"name":"Apple","quantity":1.0,"type":1}, Banana={"name":"Banana","quantity":2.0,"type":1}, Cherry={"name":"Cherry","quantity":3.0,"type":1}}

ListToMapTest.java

Convert List to Map in Java 新增單元測試,驗證是否符合預期。

package org.ruoxue.java_147.conversion.list;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import org.apache.commons.collections4.MapUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.EqualsBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.HashCodeBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.google.common.collect.Maps;

import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Setter;

public class ListToMapTest {

	@NoArgsConstructor
	@Getter
	@Setter
	@Builder
	public static class Fruit {
		private String name;
		private double quantity;
		private int type;

		public Fruit(String name, double quantity, int type) {
			this.name = name;
			this.quantity = quantity;
			this.type = type;
		}

		public String toString() {
			ToStringBuilder builder = new ToStringBuilder(this, ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE);
			builder.appendSuper(super.toString());
			builder.append("name", name);
			builder.append("quantity", quantity);
			builder.append("type", type);
			return builder.toString();
		}

		public boolean equals(Object object) {
			if (!(object instanceof Fruit)) {
				return false;
			}
			if (this == object) {
				return true;
			}
			Fruit other = (Fruit) object;
			return new EqualsBuilder().append(getName(), other.getName()).isEquals();
		}

		public int hashCode() {
			return new HashCodeBuilder().append(getName()).toHashCode();
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void traditional() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = new HashMap<>();
		for (Fruit e : list) {
			result.put(e.getName(), e);
		}
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}

	@Test
	public void toMap() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Fruit::getName, Function.identity()));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}

	@Test
	public void toMapThrowException() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Fruit::getName, Function.identity()));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}

	@Test
	public void toMapWithDuplicateKey() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = list.stream()
				.collect(Collectors.toMap(Fruit::getName, Function.identity(), (oldValue, newValue) -> oldValue));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}

	@Test
	public void MapUtils_populateMap() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = new HashMap<>();
		MapUtils.populateMap(result, list, Fruit::getName);
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}

	@Test
	public void Maps_uniqueIndex() {
		List<Fruit> list = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Apple", 1, 1), new Fruit("Banana", 2, 1),
				new Fruit("Cherry", 3, 1));
		Map<String, Fruit> result = Maps.uniqueIndex(list, Fruit::getName);
		System.out.println(result);
		assertThat(result.values()).containsAll(list);
	}
}

心得分享

List to Map in Java 將 List 轉換為 Map 實例的多種方法,也有其他選擇使用外部程式庫來轉換成 Map ,像是 Apache Commons Collections 、 Guava 等, Convert List to Map in Java 提供將 List 實例轉換為 Map 實例的多種方法。

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