Java Collectors reducing Method - Java 147

Java Collectors reducing Method – Java 147

Java Collectors reducing Method

能夠以多種方式收集 Stream ,由於歸約是一種非常常見的操作,是函數式程式設計中最常見和最強大的運算之一,提供了一種對 Stream 所有元素進行操作的歸約方法,通過 reducing 方法減少元素,將流收集到縮減值列表中相關聯, Reducing Java Collectors 介紹常見的 reducing 等方法,本篇增加了範例,並透過單元測試來驗證產出結果。

public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Optional<T>> reducing(BinaryOperator<T> op) {
}

public static <T> Collector<T, ?, T> reducing(T identity, BinaryOperator<T> op) {
}
	
public static <T, U> Collector<T, ?, U> reducing(U identity, Function<? super T, ? extends U> mapper,
		BinaryOperator<U> op) {
}

檔案目錄

./
   +- src
       +- test
       |   +- org
       |       +- ruoxue
       |           +- java_147
       |               +- collector
       |                   +- CollectorsReducingTest.java   

單元測試

Collectors Reducing Java 提供將一種類型元素的 Collector ,歸約操作為接受另一種類型元素的 Collector 。

Fruit

建立 Fruit 類別,覆寫 toString ,定義屬性和方法,用來建立一個物件。

	@NoArgsConstructor
	@Getter
	@Setter
	@Builder
	public static class Fruit {
		private String name;
		private double quantity;
		private int type;

		public Fruit(String name, double quantity, int type) {
			this.name = name;
			this.quantity = quantity;
			this.type = type;
		}

		public String toString() {
			ToStringBuilder builder = new ToStringBuilder(this, ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE);
			builder.appendSuper(super.toString());
			builder.append("name", name);
			builder.append("quantity", quantity);
			builder.append("type", type);
			return builder.toString();
		}
	}

withMaxBy

Collectors Reducing Java 建立一個 List ,增加三個元素,轉換成元素屬性,取得最大值。

	@Test
	public void withMaxBy() {
		List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Melon", "Fig", "Guava");
		Comparator<String> comparator = Comparator.comparing(String::length);
		BinaryOperator<String> binaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(comparator);
		Optional<String> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(binaryOperator));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertEquals("Blueberry", result.get());

		List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", Double.MAX_VALUE, 1), new Fruit("Melon", -1, 3),
				new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
		Comparator<Fruit> fruitComparator = Comparator.comparing(Fruit::getQuantity);
		BinaryOperator<Fruit> fruitBinaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(fruitComparator);
		Optional<Fruit> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(fruitBinaryOperator));
		System.out.println(fruitResult);
		assertEquals(Double.MAX_VALUE, fruitResult.get().getQuantity(), 0);
	}
Optional[Blueberry]
Optional[{"name":"Blueberry","quantity":1.7976931348623157E308,"type":1}]

withMinBy

Collectors Reducing Java 建立一個 List ,增加三個元素,轉換成元素屬性,取得最小值。

	@Test
	public void withMinBy() {
		List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Melon", "Fig");
		Comparator<String> comparator = Comparator.comparing(e -> e.length());
		BinaryOperator<String> binaryOperator = BinaryOperator.minBy(comparator);
		Optional<String> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(binaryOperator));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertEquals("Fig", result.get());

		List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", Double.MAX_VALUE, 1), new Fruit("Melon", -1, 3),
				new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
		Comparator<Fruit> fruitComparator = Comparator.comparing(e -> e.quantity);
		BinaryOperator<Fruit> fruitBinaryOperator = BinaryOperator.minBy(fruitComparator);
		Optional<Fruit> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(fruitBinaryOperator));
		System.out.println(fruitResult);
		assertEquals(-1, fruitResult.get().getQuantity(), 0);
	}
Optional[Fig]
Optional[{"name":"Melon","quantity":-1.0,"type":3}]

withGroupingBy

Collectors Reducing Java 建立一個 List ,增加三個元素,根據屬性對元素分組,再轉換成元素屬性,傳回 Map , Java Collectors Reducing 提供範例參考。

	@Test
	public void withGroupingBy() {
		List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Guava", "Melon", "Fig");
		Comparator<String> comparator = Comparator.comparing(String::length);
		BinaryOperator<String> binaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(comparator);
		Map<Integer, String> result = list.stream()
				.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(String::length, Collectors.reducing("", binaryOperator)));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertEquals("Blueberry", result.get(9));

		List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", Double.MAX_VALUE, 1), new Fruit("Melon", -1, 3),
				new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
		Comparator<Fruit> fruitComparator = Comparator.comparing(Fruit::getQuantity);
		BinaryOperator<Fruit> fruitBinaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(fruitComparator);
		Map<Integer, Fruit> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(
				Collectors.groupingBy(Fruit::getType, Collectors.reducing(new Fruit("", 0d, 0), fruitBinaryOperator)));
		System.out.println(fruitResult);
		assertEquals(2, fruitResult.size());
	}
{3=Fig, 5=Guava, 9=Blueberry}
{1={"name":"Blueberry","quantity":1.7976931348623157E308,"type":1}, 3={"name":"","quantity":0.0,"type":0}}

withPartitioningBy

Java Collectors Reducing 建立一個 List ,增加三個元素,分區符合條件的元素,再轉換成元素屬性,傳回 Map , Java Collectors Reducing 提供範例參考。

	@Test
	public void withPartitioningBy() {
		List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Melon", "Fig", "Guava");
		Comparator<Integer> comparator = Comparator.comparingInt(i -> i);
		BinaryOperator<Integer> binaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(comparator);
		Map<Boolean, Integer> result = list.stream().collect(
				Collectors.partitioningBy(e -> e.length() > 3, Collectors.reducing(0, String::length, binaryOperator)));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertEquals(9, result.get(Boolean.TRUE).intValue());

		List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", Double.MAX_VALUE, 1), new Fruit("Melon", -1, 3),
				new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
		Comparator<Double> fruitComparator = Comparator.comparingDouble(d -> d);
		BinaryOperator<Double> fruitBinaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(fruitComparator);
		Map<Boolean, Double> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(
				e -> e.name.length() > 3, Collectors.reducing(0d, Fruit::getQuantity, fruitBinaryOperator)));
		System.out.println(fruitResult);
		assertEquals(2, fruitResult.size());
	}
{false=3, true=9}
{false=3.0, true=1.7976931348623157E308}

CollectorsReducingTest.java

Collectors Reducing Example 新增單元測試,驗證 Java Collectors Reducing 是否符合預期。

package org.ruoxue.java_147.collector;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.function.BinaryOperator;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle;
import org.junit.Test;

import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Setter;

public class CollectorsReducingTest {

	@NoArgsConstructor
	@Getter
	@Setter
	@Builder
	public static class Fruit {
		private String name;
		private double quantity;
		private int type;

		public Fruit(String name, double quantity, int type) {
			this.name = name;
			this.quantity = quantity;
			this.type = type;
		}

		public String toString() {
			ToStringBuilder builder = new ToStringBuilder(this, ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE);
			builder.appendSuper(super.toString());
			builder.append("name", name);
			builder.append("quantity", quantity);
			builder.append("type", type);
			return builder.toString();
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void withMaxBy() {
		List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Melon", "Fig");
		Comparator<String> comparator = Comparator.comparing(String::length);
		BinaryOperator<String> binaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(comparator);
		Optional<String> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(binaryOperator));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertEquals("Blueberry", result.get());

		List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", Double.MAX_VALUE, 1), new Fruit("Melon", -1, 3),
				new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
		Comparator<Fruit> fruitComparator = Comparator.comparing(Fruit::getQuantity);
		BinaryOperator<Fruit> fruitBinaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(fruitComparator);
		Optional<Fruit> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(fruitBinaryOperator));
		System.out.println(fruitResult);
		assertEquals(Double.MAX_VALUE, fruitResult.get().getQuantity(), 0);
	}

	@Test
	public void withMinBy() {
		List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Melon", "Fig");
		Comparator<String> comparator = Comparator.comparing(e -> e.length());
		BinaryOperator<String> binaryOperator = BinaryOperator.minBy(comparator);
		Optional<String> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(binaryOperator));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertEquals("Fig", result.get());

		List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", Double.MAX_VALUE, 1), new Fruit("Melon", -1, 3),
				new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
		Comparator<Fruit> fruitComparator = Comparator.comparing(e -> e.quantity);
		BinaryOperator<Fruit> fruitBinaryOperator = BinaryOperator.minBy(fruitComparator);
		Optional<Fruit> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(fruitBinaryOperator));
		System.out.println(fruitResult);
		assertEquals(-1, fruitResult.get().getQuantity(), 0);
	}

	@Test
	public void withGroupingBy() {
		List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Guava", "Melon", "Fig");
		Comparator<String> comparator = Comparator.comparing(String::length);
		BinaryOperator<String> binaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(comparator);
		Map<Integer, String> result = list.stream()
				.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(String::length, Collectors.reducing("", binaryOperator)));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertEquals("Blueberry", result.get(9));

		List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", Double.MAX_VALUE, 1), new Fruit("Melon", -1, 3),
				new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
		Comparator<Fruit> fruitComparator = Comparator.comparing(Fruit::getQuantity);
		BinaryOperator<Fruit> fruitBinaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(fruitComparator);
		Map<Integer, Fruit> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(
				Collectors.groupingBy(Fruit::getType, Collectors.reducing(new Fruit("", 0d, 0), fruitBinaryOperator)));
		System.out.println(fruitResult);
		assertEquals(2, fruitResult.size());
	}

	@Test
	public void withPartitioningBy() {
		List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Melon", "Fig", "Guava");
		Comparator<Integer> comparator = Comparator.comparingInt(i -> i);
		BinaryOperator<Integer> binaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(comparator);
		Map<Boolean, Integer> result = list.stream().collect(
				Collectors.partitioningBy(e -> e.length() > 3, Collectors.reducing(0, String::length, binaryOperator)));
		System.out.println(result);
		assertEquals(9, result.get(Boolean.TRUE).intValue());

		List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", Double.MAX_VALUE, 1), new Fruit("Melon", -1, 3),
				new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
		Comparator<Double> fruitComparator = Comparator.comparingDouble(d -> d);
		BinaryOperator<Double> fruitBinaryOperator = BinaryOperator.maxBy(fruitComparator);
		Map<Boolean, Double> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(
				e -> e.name.length() > 3, Collectors.reducing(0d, Fruit::getQuantity, fruitBinaryOperator)));
		System.out.println(fruitResult);
		assertEquals(2, fruitResult.size());
	}
}

心得分享

Java Collectors Reducing 對 Stream 的操作會產生結果,並且通常會傳回另一個 Stream ,提供了幾種 Collectors 常見方法的操作範例,在應用上相當廣泛,熟悉 Collectors Reducing Example 這些方法的操作,例如: reducing 等方法,實現操作 List 、 Set 、 Map 更加便利的方法。

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