Table of Contents
ToggleCollectors reducing in Java with Examples
在 Collectors 類中定義,屬於 java.util.stream ,對 Stream 的操作會產生結果,並且通常會傳回另一個 Stream , Collectors Reducing in Java 介紹常見的 reducing 等方法,本篇增加了範例,並透過單元測試來驗證產出結果。
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Optional<T>> reducing(BinaryOperator<T> op) {
}
public static <T> Collector<T, ?, T> reducing(T identity, BinaryOperator<T> op) {
}
public static <T, U> Collector<T, ?, U> reducing(U identity, Function<? super T, ? extends U> mapper,
BinaryOperator<U> op) {
}
檔案目錄
./
+- src
+- test
| +- org
| +- ruoxue
| +- java_147
| +- collector
| +- ReducingExamplesTest.java
單元測試
Reducing Collectors Java 供將一種類型元素的 Collector ,歸約操作為接受另一種類型元素的 Collector 。
Fruit
建立 Fruit 類別,覆寫 toString ,定義屬性和方法,用來建立一個物件。
@NoArgsConstructor
@Getter
@Setter
@Builder
public static class Fruit {
private String name;
private double quantity;
private int type;
public Fruit(String name, double quantity, int type) {
this.name = name;
this.quantity = quantity;
this.type = type;
}
public String toString() {
ToStringBuilder builder = new ToStringBuilder(this, ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE);
builder.appendSuper(super.toString());
builder.append("name", name);
builder.append("quantity", quantity);
builder.append("type", type);
return builder.toString();
}
}
withBinaryOperator
Reducing Collectors Java 建立一個 List ,增加三個元素,計算總和。
@Test
public void withBinaryOperator() {
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3);
Optional<Integer> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(Integer::sum));
System.out.println(result);
assertEquals(6, result.get().intValue());
List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", 1, 1), new Fruit("Melon", 2, 3),
new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
Optional<Fruit> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing((p, c) -> {
c.setQuantity(p.getQuantity() + c.getQuantity());
return c;
}));
System.out.println(fruitResult);
assertEquals(6, fruitResult.get().getQuantity(), 0);
}
Optional[6]
Optional[{"name":"Fig","quantity":6.0,"type":1}]
withIdentity
Reducing Collectors Java 建立一個 List ,增加三個元素,給予初始值,計算總和。
@Test
public void withIdentity() {
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3);
Integer result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(100, (p, c) -> p + c));
System.out.println(result);
assertEquals(106, result.intValue());
List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", 1, 1), new Fruit("Melon", 2, 3),
new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
Fruit fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(new Fruit("", 100d, 1), (p, c) -> {
c.setQuantity(p.getQuantity() + c.getQuantity());
return c;
}));
System.out.println(fruitResult);
assertEquals(106, fruitResult.getQuantity(), 0);
}
106
{"name":"Fig","quantity":106.0,"type":1}
withMapper
Reducing Collectors Java 建立一個 List ,增加三個元素,給予初始值,轉換成元素屬性,計算總和。
@Test
public void withMapper() {
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Melon", "Fig");
Integer result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(0, String::length, Integer::sum));
System.out.println(result);
assertEquals(17, result.intValue());
List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", 1, 1), new Fruit("Melon", 2, 3),
new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
Double fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(0d, Fruit::getQuantity, Double::sum));
System.out.println(fruitResult);
assertEquals(6, fruitResult, 0);
}
17
6.0
ReducingExamplesTest.java
Reducing Collectors 新增單元測試,驗證 Collectors Reducing 是否符合預期。
package org.ruoxue.java_147.collector;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle;
import org.junit.Test;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Setter;
public class ReducingExamplesTest {
@NoArgsConstructor
@Getter
@Setter
@Builder
public static class Fruit {
private String name;
private double quantity;
private int type;
public Fruit(String name, double quantity, int type) {
this.name = name;
this.quantity = quantity;
this.type = type;
}
public String toString() {
ToStringBuilder builder = new ToStringBuilder(this, ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE);
builder.appendSuper(super.toString());
builder.append("name", name);
builder.append("quantity", quantity);
builder.append("type", type);
return builder.toString();
}
}
@Test
public void withBinaryOperator() {
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3);
Optional<Integer> result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(Integer::sum));
System.out.println(result);
assertEquals(6, result.get().intValue());
List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", 1, 1), new Fruit("Melon", 2, 3),
new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
Optional<Fruit> fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing((p, c) -> {
c.setQuantity(p.getQuantity() + c.getQuantity());
return c;
}));
System.out.println(fruitResult);
assertEquals(6, fruitResult.get().getQuantity(), 0);
}
@Test
public void withIdentity() {
List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3);
Integer result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(100, (p, c) -> p + c));
System.out.println(result);
assertEquals(106, result.intValue());
List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", 1, 1), new Fruit("Melon", 2, 3),
new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
Fruit fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(new Fruit("", 100d, 1), (p, c) -> {
c.setQuantity(p.getQuantity() + c.getQuantity());
return c;
}));
System.out.println(fruitResult);
assertEquals(106, fruitResult.getQuantity(), 0);
}
@Test
public void withMapper() {
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Blueberry", "Melon", "Fig");
Integer result = list.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(0, String::length, Integer::sum));
System.out.println(result);
assertEquals(17, result.intValue());
List<Fruit> fruitList = Arrays.asList(new Fruit("Blueberry", 1, 1), new Fruit("Melon", 2, 3),
new Fruit("Fig", 3, 1));
Double fruitResult = fruitList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(0d, Fruit::getQuantity, Double::sum));
System.out.println(fruitResult);
assertEquals(6, fruitResult, 0);
}
}
心得分享
Collectors Reducing 是 Collectors 類的靜態方法,能夠以多種方式收集 Stream ,由於歸約是一種非常常見的操作,是函數式程式設計中最常見和最強大的運算之一,提供了一種對 Stream 所有元素進行操作的歸約方法,通過 reducing 方法減少元素,將流收集到縮減值列表中相關聯,熟悉 Reducing Collectors 這些方法的操作,例如: reducing 等方法,可以讓程式碼更加地簡潔及容易維護。