ArrayList in Java with Examples - Java 147

ArrayList in Java With Examples – Java 147

ArrayList in Java with Examples

陣列列表也稱為動態陣列,可以包含重複的元素,會依新增順序保持排序,自動調整其容量,是一個非同步的操作,並且以陣列索引為基礎,允許隨機訪問, ArrayList in Java 介紹常見的 forEach 、 iterator 、 listIterator 、 spliterator 、 trySplit 等方法,本篇增加了範例,並透過單元測試來驗證產出結果。

檔案目錄

./
   +- src
       +- test
       |   +- org
       |       +- ruoxue
       |           +- java_147
       |               +- list
       |                   +- arraylist
       |                       +- ArrayListWithExamplesTest.java   

單元測試

ArrayList Java 提供循環訪問、保留相同元素、轉成陣列等操作列表中的元素。

loop

建立一個 ArrayList ,內有三個元素,迴圈取得元素。

	@Test
	public void loop() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
			System.out.println(list.get(i));
		}
	}
Apple
Banana
Cherry

forEach

建立一個 ArrayList ,內有三個元素,迴圈取得元素。

	@Test
	public void forEach() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		list.forEach(e -> System.out.println(e));
	}
Apple
Banana
Cherry

forEachRemaining

ArrayList Java 建立一個 ArrayList ,內有三個元素,迴圈取得剩餘元素。

	@Test
	public void forEachRemaining() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		Iterator<String> it = list.iterator();
		int i = 0;
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			System.out.println(it.next());
			if (i == 1) {
				break;
			}
			i++;
		}
		System.out.println("----------");
		it.forEachRemaining(e -> {
			System.out.println(e);
		});
	}
Apple
Banana
----------
Cherry

iterator

ArrayList Java 建立一個 ArrayList ,內有三個元素,迴圈取得元素。

	@Test
	public void iterator() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		Iterator<String> it = list.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			System.out.println(it.next());
		}
	}
Apple
Banana
Cherry

listIterator

ArrayList Java 建立一個 Java ArrayList ,內有三個元素,迴圈取得元素。

	@Test
	public void listIterator() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		ListIterator<String> it = list.listIterator(list.size());
		while (it.hasPrevious()) {
			System.out.println(it.previous());
		}
	}
Cherry
Banana
Apple

spliterator

Java ArrayList 建立一個 ArrayList ,內有三個元素,使用 spliterator 取得元素,等同於 iterator.hasNext 和 iterator.next。

	@Test
	public void spliterator() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		Spliterator<String> sit = list.spliterator();
		sit.tryAdvance(e -> System.out.println(e));
		System.out.println("----------");
		sit.forEachRemaining(e -> System.out.println(e));

		System.out.println("----------");
		sit = list.spliterator();
		while (sit.tryAdvance(e -> System.out.println(e))) {
		}
	}
Apple
----------
Banana
Cherry
----------
Apple
Banana
Cherry

trySplit

Java ArrayList 建立一個 ArrayList ,內有三個元素,使用 spliterator 取得元素,trySplit 將目前的拆分器分為兩個新的拆分器並行處理。

	@Test
	public void trySplit() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		Spliterator<String> sit = list.spliterator();
		Spliterator<String> sit2 = sit.trySplit();
		System.out.println(sit.getExactSizeIfKnown());
		sit.forEachRemaining(e -> System.out.println(e));
		
		System.out.println("----------");
		System.out.println(sit2.getExactSizeIfKnown());
		sit2.forEachRemaining(e -> System.out.println(e));
	}
2
Banana
Cherry
----------
1
Apple

toArray

Java ArrayList 建立一個 ArrayList ,內有三個元素,轉換成 String 陣列。

	@Test
	public void toArray() {
		int expectedSize = 3;
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");

		String[] array = new String[list.size()];
		list.toArray(array);
		for (String e : array) {
			System.out.println(e);
		}
		assertEquals(expectedSize, array.length);
	}
Apple
Banana
Cherry

streamToArray

建立一個 ArrayList ,內有三個元素,使用 Stream ,轉換成 String 陣列。

	@Test
	public void streamToArray() {
		int expectedSize = 3;
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");

		String[] array = list.stream().toArray(String[]::new);
		for (String e : array) {
			System.out.println(e);
		}
		assertEquals(expectedSize, array.length);
	}
Apple
Banana
Cherry	

ArrayListWithExamplesTest.java

Java ArrayList 新增單元測試,驗證是否符合預期。

package org.ruoxue.java_147.list.arraylist;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ListIterator;
import java.util.Spliterator;

import org.junit.Test;

public class ArrayListWithExamplesTest {

	@Test
	public void loop() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
			System.out.println(list.get(i));
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void forEach() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		list.forEach(e -> System.out.println(e));
	}

	@Test
	public void forEachRemaining() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		Iterator<String> it = list.iterator();
		int i = 0;
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			System.out.println(it.next());
			if (i == 1) {
				break;
			}
			i++;
		}
		System.out.println("----------");
		it.forEachRemaining(e -> {
			System.out.println(e);
		});
	}

	@Test
	public void iterator() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		Iterator<String> it = list.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			System.out.println(it.next());
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void listIterator() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		ListIterator<String> it = list.listIterator(list.size());
		while (it.hasPrevious()) {
			System.out.println(it.previous());
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void spliterator() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		Spliterator<String> sit = list.spliterator();
		sit.tryAdvance(e -> System.out.println(e));
		System.out.println("----------");
		sit.forEachRemaining(e -> System.out.println(e));

		System.out.println("----------");
		sit = list.spliterator();
		while (sit.tryAdvance(e -> System.out.println(e))) {
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void trySplit() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");
		Spliterator<String> sit = list.spliterator();
		Spliterator<String> sit2 = sit.trySplit();
		System.out.println(sit.getExactSizeIfKnown());
		sit.forEachRemaining(e -> System.out.println(e));
		
		System.out.println("----------");
		System.out.println(sit2.getExactSizeIfKnown());
		sit2.forEachRemaining(e -> System.out.println(e));
	}

	@Test
	public void toArray() {
		int expectedSize = 3;
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");

		String[] array = new String[list.size()];
		list.toArray(array);
		for (String e : array) {
			System.out.println(e);
		}
		assertEquals(expectedSize, array.length);
	}

	@Test
	public void streamToArray() {
		int expectedSize = 3;
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
		list.add("Apple");
		list.add("Banana");
		list.add("Cherry");

		String[] array = list.stream().toArray(String[]::new);
		for (String e : array) {
			System.out.println(e);
		}
		assertEquals(expectedSize, array.length);
	}
}

心得分享

Java ArrayList Example 提供了幾種 ArrayList 常見方法的操作範例,在應用上相當廣泛,熟悉 Java ArrayList 這些方法的操作,可以快速撰寫程式,降低錯誤率,再輔以單元測試驗證,建置高效穩定的服務或系統。

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